Psychological Effects of Physical Child Abuse Essay -- Long-Term Conse

Physical child abuse has grown dramatically in recent years. There are news stories about children being abused or neglected everyday. Physical abuse will cause the child to have many psychological effects throughout life. Although people might not realize, society can impact an abused child dramaticlly either positively or negatively. Even though there are many things wrong with child abuse, there are many controversies over how serious it is and how to prevent it from happening. Although there are so many controversies over child abuse, one thing for certain is that it can cause many problems psychologically either immediately or long term. Research has proven that the statistics of child abuse have risen worldwide. In the United States alone they were over 1,000 child fatalities due to child abuse in 2002(Child). In 2004, The US Department of Health and Human Services estimate that 872,000 children were determined US victims of child abuse. Approximately 17.5 percent of the maltreatment victims were physically abused(Hmurovich). Every year, there are approximately three million children that are involved in cases of child abuse. Of that, about twenty-five percent are just cases of physical abuse(Lansford). The number of abused or neglected children that are killed each year went from 798 in 1985 to 1,185 in 1996(Bean Child). Child abuse is one of the five leading cause of childhood death in the United States. Although there are so many reported cases of abuse, no one will ever know with certainty how many children have or are being abused(Mankiller). Every year, child-protection agencies receive three million referr als of child abuse or neglect involving six million children. The majority of children abused are younger tha... ... as Families Change. Daily American (Somerset, PA). Nov. 19 2007. n.p. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 08 Oct 2013. Hmurovich, James M., and Jane Ascroft. "Making "Cents" of Prevention." State News Vol. 49, No. 10, Nov./Dec. 2006: 32-34. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 08 Oct 2013. Lansford, Jennifer. JAMA Network. N.p.. Web. 21 Oct 2013. Mankiller, Wima, and others. "Child Abuse." The Readers Companion to U.S. Womens History. Dec 1 1998: n.p. SIRS Isues Researcher. Web. 08 Oct 2013. McPherson, Tara. "Cries For Help a Literature Review of the Psychological Effects of Child Maltreatment." N.p.. Web 21 Oct 2013. Pledge, Deanna S. When Something Feels Wrong. Deanna Spirit. Minneapolis, 2003. Print. Schulte, Brigid. "Child Abuse Found to Alter Brain; Harm Can Last for Life.: Washington Post. 13 Sep 2013: A.3. SIRS Issues Researcher. Web. 08 Oct 2013.

What is Passover? Essay -- essays research papers fc

What is Passover? Its History and Traditions Passover is one of the oldest festivals in the world. This festival falls in spring, in the first month of the Hebrew year, called Nisan (March-April), and lasts for eight days, from the fifteenth to the twenty-third. It commemorates the release of the Israelites from Egypt and the fact that God â€Å"passed over† their houses when he sought the first-born in that land.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  According to the Bible, the story of Passover runs as follows. A group of Hebrews known as the sons of Jacob came down from Canaan towards Egypt. They settled under a benevolent regime, where they were made slaves and set to work, building the cities of Pithum and Raamses. The pharaoh ordered all the Hebrew sons to be killed at birth. A Hebrew mother placed her infant child into a box and placed him in the Nile River, to escape the pharaoh’s decree. The Pharaoh’s daughter found this Hebrew baby, called him Moses, took him home and raised him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  One day, he saw a brutal attack upon a Hebrew by an Egyptian overseer; enraged by the attack Moses killed the Egyptian. Fearing to be killed for killing an Egyptian, he fled to Midian, where he married the daughter of a local priest. On one occasion while attending the sheep of his father-in-law on Mount Horeb, Moses witnessed a spectacle of a burning bush. This bush seemed some how not to consume. Wondering what was happening, he came closer to the bush and the local god Yahweh (Jehovah) told him that the Israelites were suffering, and that he had been chosen to release them from Egypt and lead them to the paradisal land, what is known now as Palestine and Syria. Moses had to introduce Jehovah to the Israelites, and after they had adopted him, he had to go to the Pharaoh and request the release of the people.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  To show that it was indeed Jehovah, who had spoken to Moses, Moses was furnished with three magical credentials. First, his staff was turned into a serpent and then reverted to its normal shape. Second, when he placed his hand under his sleeve, it became leprous and then it recovered when he removed it. Third, he was told that if the people persisted in questioning his mission, he was to give them visible proof by turning water from the Nile into blood before their eyes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  As commissioned, ... ...ortance, enabling the person to be aware of gratitude, and to widen an individual’s perspective of himself/herself in relation to his/her fellow human beings. The Feast of Freedom, called Passover, is an example of a meaningful story showing God’s intent to convey a balance between the Hebrews’ self concerns and the concerns of their enemies, as God reminds the Hebrew to pray for the fallen Egyptians army and the slain first-borns of the Egyptian families. Passover’s concept of freedom is not only a cause for celebration, but also a strong lesson in the value of how a person should conduct oneself or a group should conduct itself to other human beings. Bibliography Bulka, Reuven P. What you thought you knew about Judaism. Jason Aronson Inc. Northvale, New Jersey. 1989 Cardozo, Arlene Rossen Jewish Family Celebrations. St. Martin’s Press, New York . 1982 Fredman, Ruth Gruber The Passover Seder. University of Pennsylvania Press, Philadelphia. 1981 Goodman, Philip The Passover Anthology. The Jewish Publication Society of America. Philadelphia. 1971 Sohn, Seock-tae The Divine Election of Israel. William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company. Grand Rapids, Michigan. 1991

Absorption and Variable Costing

CHAPTER 8 ABSORPTION AND VARIABLE COSTING Learning Objectives 1. Explain the accounting treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead under absorption and variable costing. 2. Prepare an income statement under absorption costing. 3. Prepare an income statement under variable costing. 4. Reconcile reported income under absorption and variable costing. 5. Explain the implications of absorption and variable costing for cost-volume-profit analysis. 6. Evaluate absorption and variable costing. 7. Explain the rationale behind throughput costing. . Prepare an income statement under throughput costing. Chapter Overview I. Product Cost and Fixed Manufacturing Overhead A. Absorption-costing income statements B. Variable-costing income statements II. Reconciliation of Absorption- and Variable-Costing Income A. No change in inventory levels B. Increase in inventory levels C. Decrease in inventory levels III. Overall Evaluation of Absorption and Variable Costing IV. Throughput Costing Key Lecture Concepts 1. PRODUCT COST AND FIXED MANUFACTURING OVERHEAD Product, or manufacturing, costs are comprised of direct materials, direct labor, variable manufacturing overhead, and fixed manufacturing overhead. The basic difference between absorption and variable costing is the treatment of fixed manufacturing overhead. * With absorption (full) costing, all costs related to the manufacture of a good are product costs. Therefore, fixed manufacturing overhead attaches to the units being made and is carried in inventory until the product is sold. * Absorption costing results in the preparation of a traditional income statement. Absorption costing is considered GAAP and is acceptable for tax reporting. * Under variable costing, product cost is comprised solely of variable manufacturing costs. Fixed manufacturing overhead is viewed as a cost of being ready to produce, not an actual production cost (i. e. , the cost will remain constant no matter how many units are manufactured). * Fixed manufacturing overhead is treated as a period cost and expensed immediately. * The income statement highlights cost behavior and is presented in a contribution margin format. Variable costing is useful to managers, as it dovetails nicely with cost-volume-profit analysis. 2. RECONCILIATION OF ABSORPTION- AND VARIABLE-COSTING INCOME * The difference between the two approaches is the timing of when fixed manufacturing overhead is shown on the income statement: when the product is sold under absorption costing and when incurred under variable costing. * The two methods will usually produce different income figures. * No change in inventory: production = sales * Under variable costing, all fixed manufacturing overhead is expensed.With absorption costing, the period's fixed overhead flows through to cost of goods sold. * Absorption-costing net income equals variable-costing net income. * Increase in inventory: production ; sales * Under variable costing, all fixed manufacturing overhead is expensed. With absorption costing, a portion of the period's fixed overhead flows through to cost of goods sold and a portion remains on the balance sheet in inventory. * Absorption-costing net income is greater than variable-costing net income. * Decrease in inventory: sales > production Under variable costing, all fixed manufact uring overhead is expensed. With absorption costing, as units manufactured in a prior period are sold, an amount greater than the current period's fixed overhead flows through to cost of goods sold. * Absorption-costing net income is less than variable-costing net income. * The difference between absorption- and variable-costing income figures can be reconciled as follows: Income difference = Inventory change in units x Fixed overhead per unit The difference is likely to be very small over a lengthy time period.3. OVERALL EVALUATION OF ABSORPTION AND VARIABLE COSTING* Pricing decisions * Absorption-cost proponents argue that fixed manufacturing overhead is a necessary production cost. Excluding this element from the inventoried cost of a product will understate the good's cost, which is troublesome for companies that use cost-based pricing techniques. * Variable-cost proponents argue that variable cost is better for pricing decisions. Any price above a good's variable cost results i n a positive contribution margin for the company. Many firms use variable costing for internal-reporting purposes. Given that absorption costing must be employed for external financial reporting, companies can use both methods by making several simple end-of-period adjustments. 1 If a company operates in a just-in-time environment, inventories are kept very low and there will be little change in inventory from period to period. Thus, the income differences between absorption and variable costing will normally be insignificant.4. THROUGHPUT COSTING Throughput costing assigns only the unit-level spending for direct costs as the cost of products or services. * A unit-level cost is incurred every time that a unit of product is manufactured. * All costs other than the throughput cost are considered to be operating expenses of the period. * Proponents of throughput costing argue that this procedure eliminates the incentive to produce excess inventory because all non-throughput costs are e xpensed regardless of manufacturing volume.

Last Product Purchased Essay

Think for a moment about the last product you purchased. What was the product? What is the brand name of the product? How would you describe the customer for this product? What is the product’s closest brand competitor? Explain why you chose this brand rather than the competitor’s brand. How did the marketing for the product influence your purchase? The last product I purchased was my new car. It is a 2012 Chevrolet Malibu. The customer for this product would be a young adult to middle aged adult. The customer for this car wants a car that is smaller in size but one that also has plenty of room for at least 4 people. The closest brand to this car would be, in my opinion, the Pontiac G8. When I purchased my Malibu I went to test drive the G8. It was a 2011 and had only a few miles on it. It was traded in for a different car because the car was too small for the current owner. I loved the G8 and it was everything I wanted. It was only a couple thousand dollars less than the Malibu and the Malibu was brand new with only 20 miles on it. My husband is the one who really liked the Malibu and talked me into test driving it. Needless to say that is the car I choose. I chose this particular car because with the FREE extended warranty and the rebates on this car it turned out to be a cheaper car than the G8 but also a better car. Honestly the marketing on this car did not influence my opinion at all. I never thought about this specific car until at the dealership that day. When I purchased this car Chevrolet has awesome rebates and interest on their new vehicles. After my purchase I stared seeing, or paying attention, to the commercials on this car and I am positive I made the right decision. If I would have paid attention to the commercials on this car it would have been the car I chose anyway.

How does Michael Henchard Suggest Lucetta Is Shallow where does she come from?

Lucetta enters the story when Elizabeth Jane meets her at her mother's grave. Elizabeth -Jane noticed that it was a lady much more beautifully dressed than she. This mysterious woman disappears in to the distance as Elizabeth goes to confront her. Soon Elizabeth Jane meets Lucetta for the second time, she sits on the bench inside the churchyard. Lucceta asks if Michael is well. She tries to help Elizabeth in her troubles. She soon leaves after she made a proposal about Elizabeth coming to stay with her. Elizabeth accepted the offer and soon she had moved in with Lucetta. The story continues from there. Lucetta's antics begin at chapter twenty one. She begins to show us how shallow she is when she hears her servant showing a visitor into the room. Lucceta decides to put on a little show for a visitor † she flung herself onto the couch in the cymarecta curve with her arm above her brow.† She puts herself into a curved position to make her self look irresistible to any visitor who may happen to step up to her quarters. It turns out that it is Donald Farfrae and of course lucceta knows how to play him like an instrument. At first she stupidly jumps up in fright and hides behind a curtain because she is so pathetic this is already a good example to show how shallow she is, to take time to beautifully arrange herself and when it comes to it she is startled by the thought of herself being seen when that is what she really wants. She hid behind the curtain † in a freak of timidity†. She seems to have a lot of fun taking farfrae to pieces. She explains to him that he must sit down now that he is here. They start chatting and we gather that Lucetta knows a lot about men in the way that she turned a level headed business man to the colour of â€Å"modest pink†. The impression that we get from the conversation with farfrae is that she loves to play with people and she doesn't worry about the consequences. At first she is just playing with Donald, then she finds that he has seemed to get the wrong idea out of the act and has fallen in love with her. Still she plays along in the game and entices him even more with lines such as: † you are quite interesting†. From the window Lucetta sees that a young family is being torn apart because the young man is finding it hard to find a job in Casterbridge. â€Å"The girl's lips quivered† she horrified in the thought. Donald goes to impress Luccetta by giving the men jobs. We can definitely see that he is trying to impress Lucetta because this is something that he would usually do. She explains after that† Lovers ought not to be parted like that. Donald quite agrees and then leaves because he has important work to carry out.

The Reasons for Success Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

The Reasons for Success - Essay Example Being competitive means satisfying all the requirements needed to achieve the outcome desired, however the actual achievement may depend on the level of competitiveness. Competitiveness is one of the measures of eligibility rather than being an inevitable element of success in all situations. As defined earlier, success is about achievement of the set goals. It could be relating to business, family, job, way of living life, studies etc. There are of course some areas when a person needs to be competitive for having achievement of what he wishes to achieve such as some exams of competitive nature. However, no one is born as competitive. One can develop the required competency with continuous hard work, confidence, perseverance and belief in self. There are even times when competitive people lose out and "luck" factor plays a key role. Hence, "fortune" is one factor which can even cause impediments in the way of competitive people. Success really depends on what one is searching for in his life. If you are a chain smoker for about 20 years and you are really struggling to remove this habit of smoking and you are able to achieve this, it would be termed as success. One does not need to be competitive for this.

Wenxuecity. Chinese immigrants on-line community. Ethnical issues Dissertation

Wenxuecity. Chinese immigrants on-line community. Ethnical issues - Dissertation Example They were sent an invitation to participate in the study further through an interactive interview conducted through emails or instant messaging platforms of their choice. They were also asked the following questions in order to qualify them for the second criterion – that traditional media does not play a significant role in his daily life (Appendix B). Based on the responses to these questions, I selected twenty users who display the second criterion the most. That is, they exhibit interest in getting the latest updates about China, and the Chinese people and culture at large, and that they do not get this information from traditional media. Furthermore, they exhibit knowledge about the fifth question’s subject matter, not only through their actual subscriptions and affiliations, but through their expression of interest to get connected and develop deeper understanding. After twenty users were selected based on the criteria mentioned above, I proceeded to schedule the interactive interviews. These happened within a period of one month since the questions were sent one after another, the succeeding question mainly based on the previous answer. I also allowed the respondent during the time to deliver a meaningful personal account of experiences, and the flexibility to do it at his or her own pace. Data Analysis The method of analyzing data is to analyze the transcripts to discern patterns of responses. The patterns are ascertained by examining a series of coded utterances, with an eye towards data which fit the overall themes of the research at hand. What I found was that the respondents used the website for a variety of reasons, therefore the challenge was to ascertain under what theme the reasons fit. For instance, a common response from Respondents was that... Each of the members of the group stated that they felt the need to connect with other Chinese people, because they felt out of place in the current society, in one way or another. Under this theme were several sub-themes. One sub-theme was that the Chinese in this survey felt that they needed to bond with one another because they felt somehow at odds with American culture. Therefore, the question regarding this sub-theme is why do the Chinese feel at odds with American culture, and how does Wenxuecity help in combating these feelings? Another sub-theme was that Wenxuecity helps the Respondents is how does Wenxuecity help with this feeling of connectedness with their Chinese family and friends? These sub-themes are explored below. Feelings of disconnection with the larger culture, and how the Wenxuecity helps the Respondents feel connected to one another. One of the major themes which emerged is that the Respondents felt that they were not a part of the dominant culture, and they needed to feel a sense of connectedness with others, so this site is their way of feeling that they are a part of a community. Some of the Resondents, as, for instance, A, C, G, S, and T, state that they currently have friends who are American, along with those who are Chinese, yet they do not entirely relate to their American friends. G states that his American friends simply do not â€Å"get it† - in other words, they do not get what it means to be Chinese. There are different values, beliefs and backgrounds that the Respondents have from their American cohorts and friends, and that is simply something that cannot be bridged. The respondents state that they feel out of place in the dominant culture, despite the fact that some of the respondents have been here in American for many years.